Troubadours & the Beloved: In Quest of the Cult of Eros-Rose (Fedeli d'Amore) or "The Religion of Love."
Amor
or Courtly Love (Cortezia) as the Return of the (feminine) Eros to Western Culture: Reuniting (heavenly) Sacred Love and (earthly) Profane Love
Out on the highways and the by-ways all alone
I'm still searching for, searching for my home
Up in the morning, up in the morning out on the road
And my head is aching and my hands are cold
And I'm looking for the silver lining,
Silver lining in the clouds
And I'm searching for
And I'm searching for the philosophers stone
And it's a hard road,
Its a hard road daddy-o
When my job is turning lead into gold
He was born in the back street,
Born in the back street Jelly Roll
I'm on the road again and I'm searching for
The philosophers stone
Can you hear that engine
Woe can you hear that engine drone
Well I'm on the road again and I'm searching for
Searching for the philosophers stone
Up in the morning, up in the morning
When the streets are white with snow
It's a hard road, it's a hard road daddy-o
Up in the morning, up in the morning
Out on the job
Well you've got me searching for
Searching for, the philosophers stone
Even my best friends, even my best friends
They don't know
That my job is turning lead into gold
When you hear that engine,
When you hear that engine drone
I'm on the road again and I'm searching
Searching for the philosophers stone
It's a hard road even my best friends
They don't know
And I'm searching for,
Searching for the philosophers stone
Re-Visioning Philosophy (the "Internalized Quest-Romance") as the search for the Philosopher's Stone
Alchemist's Lux Natura
PhiloSophy as Quest-Romance:
On Re-Vision Radio, "PhiloSophy" is not a mere academic exercise, but essentially a "Soul-making" (Keats) discipline, since "give attention to soul" practically defines the entire philosophy of Socrates and Plato. Because of Socrates' and Plato's emphasis on eros ("erotic mania") as the divine driving force of the philosopher's ("the lover of wisdom") quest, Re-Vision Radio's "PhiloSophy" is an erotic metaphysics (a commingling of "love and ideas")-"a simultaneous knowing and loving by means of imagining.” And because Re-Vision Radio is about loving Ideas--"falling in love with wisdom" ("Lady Philosophia")--, its Orphic Essay-with -Soundtrack is a union of knowing and desire: "You can call my love Sophia / I call my love Philosophy." (V.M.) This is why the Gypsy Scholar re-visions "PhiloSophy" as a great Western Quest-Romance:
"[Lovers
of Wisdom] believe that it is wrong to oppose Philosophy with her offer
of liberation and purification, so they turn and follow her wherever
she leads." (Socrates, Phaedo )
Delphic Oracle
Socrates
Thus, since philosophy
& love are
so dialectically intermingled on Re-Vision Radio,
Everybody Knows that, in the final mythopoetic analysis, nobody knows
whether the philosophers
are singing the praises of love
or the lovers are discoursing on the
virtues of philosophy.
About the relationship of philosophy and romantic
love.
"The beginning of philosophy is the
same as the beginning of poetry: falling in love."—Thomas Aquinas
The
combination of philosophy and erotic, or romantic, love as a soulful,
imaginal experience starts with the philosophy of Socrates and Plato. It
then comes into popular culture through poetry and song in the
twelfth-century troubadours, achieves a philosophical concern with the
“Dialectic of Love” of the cult of the Fedeli d' amore, and
reaches its apotheosis in the cult's most famous poet, Dante, whose love
of "Lady Philosophy" fuses philosophical thought and passionate love. (In a similar way, Heloise's twelfth-century
blend of philosophy and erotic love issues in the
love of philosophy and the philosophy of love.) My own way of expressing
the intimate relationship between philosophy and love has been to say
(in my essays on "The Troubadours & the Beloved"): "Philosophy and love are so dialectically intertwined
that you don't know whether the philosophers are expounding on
the ecstasies of love, or the lovers singing of the raptures of
philosophy."
". . . . Of course, philosophers
and sages, poets and scientists throughout history have not just
explored the value of love, but just what this love stuff is anyway. . .
. French mathematician Blaise Pascal weighed in with his savvy insight:
"The heart has its reasons of which reason is unaware." Thus the terms
"madly in love," "infatuated," and "crazy about you" often describe the
lover's relationship to the beloved. Basically, while passion may not be
wholly rational, it has its reasons. So stop worrying and just go with
it! . . . When we're talking about love and relationships, we're talking
philosophy." --Jack Bowen (Prof. of Philosophy at Stanford and
novelist. Interviewed on KUSP 4/11/10)
Thank you Prof. Bowen! You have come along with a book
that validates what the Gypsy Scholar has been trying to get across for
all these years on his radio program, with essays on the Troubadours
& the Beloved. (Prof. Bowen also wanted to make the point that "philosophy can be fun; it can be entertaining." Compare this to what the Gypsy Scholar had to point out in a series of musical essays, "Notes Towards A Musical/Musekal Philosophy" back in 2006: "We have sought truth, and sometimes found it. But have we had any fun?" –Benjamin Jowlett, translator of Platonic dialogues).
"You
see him spend his Soul in Prophecy./ Do you believeit
a confound lie / Till some Bookseller & the Public
Fame / Proves there is truth in his extravagant claim." --William Blake
School of Athens
Bacchanal
Re-Vision Radio's Romantic Questing for the Orphic TOWER OF SONG
Recalling, then, the ancient Muse who visited the Romantics (like Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, and Blake), Re-Vision Radio, strives--“as far as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement"--to get one Common Idea across to its listening audience ("One thought fills immensity"-- Blake); strives to entice the "guests" in the en-chanted Tower of Song, who (like those of the Romantic poets, “being possessed of more than usual organic sensibility" and who have “also thought long and deeply”) then particpate imaginatively with me and make "a present joy the matter of a song" (Wordsworth). If, as the Romantics maintained, the "end of philosophy is poetry," and because, until relatively recently in the history of Western culture, poetry is not separate from music, then on Re-Vision Radio the end of Philosophy is Song. This is, after all, how Wordsworth's "joy" was expressed--in the song/poem about his excursion that brought him to the deep gorge, where he witnessed, with the rising full moon, the epiphany of Imagiantion. "... the Mind of Man / My haunt, and the main region of my song..../ –Beauty–a living Presence of the earth, / Surpassing the most fair ideal Forms . . . . / Paradise, and groves / Elysian, Fortunate Fields. . . . So come along with me, "take a walk with me," on this (peripatetic) philosophical journey:
"The Wayfarer & Muse"
‘El Desdichado’ (‘The Unfortunate’)
I am the dark one—the widower; the unconsoled, The prince of Aquitaine at his stricken tower: My sole star is dead, -and my constellated lute Bears the black sun of the melancholia. . . .
And two times victorious I have crosst the Acheron: Modulating turn by turn on the lyre of Orpheus The sighs of the saint and the cries of the Fay. --Gerard de Nerval
. . . it is melancholia that becomes his Muse.
--Gerard de Nerval
Lady Melancholia (Durer)
Lady Melancholy (Blake)
Melancholy [Penseroso]
Come pensive Nun
devout &
pure Sober
stedfast & demure All
in Robe of darkest grain Flowing
with majestic train Come
but keep thy wonted state With
even step
& musing gait And
looks commercing with the Skies
And
join with thee calm Peace & Quiet Spare Fast who oft with Gods
doth diet And
hears the Muses in a ring Around
about Joves
altar sing
And
add to these retired Leisure Who
in trim Gardens
takes his pleasure But
first & Chiefest with thee bring Him
who yon soars on golden Wing Guiding
the Fiery wheeled Throne The
Cherub Contemplation
Less
Philomel will deign a song In
her
sweetest saddest plight Smoothing
the rugged Brow of Night While
Cynthia Checks her dragon yoke Gently
o'er the accustomd Oak
--William
Blake
Il Penseroso is a famous
pastoral poem by Milton, written in 1633 (later illustrated by Blake).
The poem is in praise of the contemplative, withdrawn life of study,
philosophy, thought and meditation, and is a counterpiece to L'Allegro,
which praises the more cheerful sides of life and literature. Both
pieces detail the passing of a day in the countryside in the idyllic
"pastoral" tradition and according to both philosophies. And, once more, both poems
show the influence of Hermeticism. In Il Penseroso Milton not
only pays tribute to Lady Melancholia as muse but also to Hermes
Trismegistus ("the Thrice-Great Hermes") and Orpheus--all three
presiding spirits evoked in the Gypsy Scholar's Tower of Song. (To read
Milton's poem and see artist's depiction of it's landscape, go to page #
7, "The School of the Night." For a deeper look at Hermes, see subpage,
"Hermes-Mercury.")
"the Brow of Night"
Van Morrison, following William Blake and the Romantics, quests to the Lake District in England to search for the Grail. So "Van the Man" wants to know:
Can you meet me in the country In the summertime in England Will you meet me? Will you meet me in the country In the summertime in England Will you meet me? We'll go riding up to Kendal in the country In the summertime in England. Did you ever hear about Did you ever hear about Did you ever hear about Wordsworth and Coleridge, baby? Did you ever hear about Wordsworth and Coleridge? Did
you ever hear about William Blake? They were smokin' up in Kendal By the lakeside . . . .
Down by Avalon Down by Avalon Down by Avalon . . . .
Can you meet me in the country
In the summertime in England
Will you meet me?
Will you meet me in the country
In the summertime in England
Will you meet me?
We'll go riding up to Kendal in the country
In the summertime in England.
Did you ever hear about
Did you ever hear about
Did you ever hear about
Wordsworth and Coleridge, baby?
Did you ever hear about Wordsworth and Coleridge?
They were smokin' up in Kendal
By the lakeside
Can you meet me in the country in the long grass
In the summertime in England
Will you meet me
With your red robe dangling all around your body
With your red robe dangling all around your body
Will you meet me
Did you ever hear about . . .
William Blake
T. S. Eliot
In the summer
In the countryside
They were smokin'
Summertime in England
Won't you meet me down Bristol
Meet me along by Bristol
We'll go ridin' down
Down by Avalon
Down by Avalon
Down by Avalon
In the countryside in England
With your red robe danglin' all around your body free
Let your red robe go.
Goin' ridin' down by Avalon
Would you meet me in the country
In the summertime in England
Would you meet me?
In the Church of St. John . . .
Down by Avalon . . . .
Holy Magnet
Give you attraction
Yea, I was attracted to you.
Your coat was old, ragged and worn
And you wore it down through the ages
Ah, the sufferin' did show in your eyes as we spoke
And the gospel music
The voice of Mahalia Jackson came through the ether
Oh my common one with the coat so old
And the light in the head
Said, daddy, don't stroke me
Call me the common one.
I said, oh, common one, my illuminated one.
Oh my high in the art of sufferin' one.
Take a walk with me
Take a walk with me down by Avalon
Oh, my common one with the coat so old
And the light in her head.
And the sufferin' so fine
Take a walk with me down by Avalon
And I will show you
It ain't why, why, why
It just is, it just is, it just is
Would you meet me in the country
Can you meet me in the long grass
In the country in the summertime
Can you meet me in the long grass
Wait a minute
With your red robe . . .
Danglin' all around your body
Yeats and Lady Gregory corresponded . . . And James Joyce wrote streams of consciousness books . . . T.S. Eliot chose England . . . T.S. Eliot joined the ministry . . . Did you ever hear about . . . Wordsworth and Coleridge? Smokin' up in Kendal They were smokin' by the lakeside . . . Let your red robe go . . . Let your red robe dangle in the countryside in England We'll go ridin' down by Avalon In the country In the summertime With you by my side Let your red robe go . . . You'll be happy dancin' . . . Let your red robe go . . . Won't you meet me down by Avalon In the summertime in England In the Church of St. John . . .
Did you ever hear about Jesus walkin' Jesus walkin' down by Avalon? Can you feel the light in England? Can you feel the light in England? Oh, my common one with the light in her head And the coat so old And the sufferin' so fine Take a walk with me Oh, my common one, Oh, my illuminated one Down by Avalon . . . Oh, my common one . . . Oh, my storytime one Oh, my treasury in the sunset Take a walk with me And I will show you It ain't why . . . It just is . . .
Oh, my common one With the light in the head And the coat so old Oh, my high in the art of sufferin' one . . . Oh, my common one Take a walk with me Down by Avalon And I will show you It ain't why . . . It just is. Oh, my common one with the light in her head And the coat so fine And the sufferin' so high . . . All right now. Oh, my common one . . . It ain't why . . . It just is . . .
That's all That's all there is about it. It just is. Can you feel the light? I want to go to church and say. In your soul . . . Ain't it high? Oh, my common one Oh, my storytime one Oh, my high in the art of sufferin' one Put your head on my shoulder . . . And you listen to the silence. Can you feel the silence?
(Van Morrison)
Avalon sunset (a la V.M.)
RE-VISION RADIO Presents Philosophy as Quest-Romance:
I've been walking by the river I've been walking down by the water I've been walking down by the river
I've been feeling so sad and blue I've been thinking, I've been thinking, I've been thinking, I've been thinking, I've been thinking, I've been thinking, Ah there's so much suffering, and it's Too much confusion, too much, too much confusion in the world
Take me back, take me back, take me back Take me way back, take me way back, take me way back Take me way back, take me way back, take me way back Take me way back, take me way back, ah! Take me way, way, way, way, way, way, way back, huh! Help me un.....help me understand Take me, do you remember the time darlin' When everything made more sense in the world (yeah) Oh I remember, I remember When life made more sense Ah, ah, take me back, take me back, take me back, take me back Take me back, take me back, take me back, take me back Take me back (woah) to when the world made more sense Well there's too much suffering and confusion And I'm walking down by the river Oh, let me understand religion
Way, way back, way back When you walked, in a green field, in a green meadow Down an avenue of trees On a, on a golden summer And the sky was blue And you didn't have no worries, you didn't have no care You were walking in a green field In a meadow, through the buttercups, in the summertime And you looked way out over, way out Way out over the city and the water And it feels so good, and it feels so good And you keep on walking
And the music on the radio, and the music on the radio Has so much soul, has so much soul And you listen, in the nightime While we're still and quiet
And you look out on the water And the big ships, and the big boats Came on sailing by, by, by, by And you felt so good, and I felt so good I felt I wanna blow my harmonica
Take me back, there, take me way back there Take me back, take me back, take me back Take me way, way, way back, way back To when, when I understood When I understood the light, when I understood the light In the golden afternoon, in the golden afternoon In the golden afternoon, in the golden afternoon In the golden afternoon when we sat and listened to Sonny Boy blow In the golden afternoon when We sat and let Sonny Boy, blow, blow his harp
Take me back, take me back, take me back Take me way, way, way, way, way, way, way Back when I, when I understood, when I understood, yeah Oh, ah, take me way back, when, when, when, when, when, when When, when, when, when, when, when, when I was walking down the Walking down the street and It didn't matter `Cause everything felt, everything felt, everything felt Everything felt, everything felt, everything felt, everything felt Everything felt, everything felt, everything felt so right, ha And so good Everything felt, so right, and so good Everything felt, so right, and so good Everything felt, so right, and so good, ah Everything felt, so right, and so good Everything felt, so right, and so good, so good In the eternal now, in the eternal moment In the eternal now, in the eternal moment In the eternal now Everything felt so good, so good, so good, so good, so good And so right, so right, so right, just So good, so right, so right, in the eternal In the eternal moment, in the eternal moment In the eternal moment, in the eternal moment When you lived, when you lived When you lived, in the light When you lived in the grace In the grace, in grace When you lived in the light In the light, in the grace And the blessing.
(Van Morrison)
English lakeside "on a golden autumn day" (V.M.)
"The Seeds & Fruits of English Poetry"
Elysium
Elysium
Elysium
"The Temple stands on the Mount of God; from it flows on each side the River of Life, on whose banks Grows the tree of Life, among whose branches temples & Pinnacles, tents & pavilions, Gardens & Groves, display Paradise with its Inhabitants walking up & down in Conversations concerning Mental Delights." —William Blake
Lady Philosophia
"Lady Philosophy" appeared in the works of philosophers and poets, beginning with Boethius (c. 480–524), who influenced Dante (c.1265 – 1321). However, the allegorical figure of "Lady Philosophy" can be seen as a development out of the religious traditions of Wisdom as "Sophia" (e.g., in Gnosticism), and some influence later from Greek philosophy with Plato, who understood philosophy as the "love of wisdom."
It was Dante who advanced the concept of "Lady Philosophy" to its fullest extent. Though he evidently did not begin serious study of philosophy until his mid-twenties, Dante had already been intellectually challenged by the work of a remarkable group of poets, practitioners of what he would later recall as the dolce stil novo, in whose hands a lyric poetry modeled on the canso of the 12th-century Provençal troubadours (and their dedication to their "Lady," both flesh-and-blood woman and goddess-figure) became a vehicle for serious inquiry into the nature of love and human psychology. A generation earlier Guido Guinizzelli (1230–1276) had puzzled contemporaries with poems treating love in terms of the technicalities of medicine and the cosmology of the schools, while celebrating in quasi-mystical language his Lady's power to elevate the spirit of her poet-lover:
God the creator shines in the intelligence of heaven more than the sun in our eyes, and this [intelligence] understands her maker beyond the universe. Making the heavens turn, she submits to obey Him . . . So truly should the beautiful lady, when she shines on the eyes of her gentle [lover], impart the desire that his obedience to her never fail.
The Lady, exerting on her lover a power derived from the participation of her understanding in the divine, plays the role of the celestial intelligence, who transmit the influence of the First Mover to the universe at large. The poet-philosopher is thus caught up in a circular process through which his understanding, like theirs, is drawn toward the divine as manifested in the Lady's divinely inspired radiance. For Guinizelli this exploitation of the idea of celestial hierarchy is perhaps only a daring poetic conceit. For Dante it will become a means to the articulation of his deepest intuitions.
The interest in philosophical poetry led Dante into another great change in his life, which he describes in the Convivio, which is dedicated to "Lady Philosophy." Looking for consolation following the death of Beatrice, Dante reports that he turned to philosophy, particularly to the writings of Boethius and Cicero. Dante acquired a love of philosophy, and was naturally much taken with the Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy, and its image of “Lady Philosophy." But what was intended as a temporary reprieve from sorrow became a lifelong avocation and one of the most crucial intellectual events in Dante's career. The donna gentile of the Vita Nuova becomes Lady Philosophy, who soon occupied all of Dante's thoughts. He began attending the religious schools of Florence in order to hear disputations on philosophy, and within a period of only 30 months “the love of her [philosophy] banished and destroyed every other thought.” In his poem, “You Who Through Intelligence Move the Third Sphere," he dramatizes this conversion from the sweet old style ( (his tribute to the troubadours) was transformed into dolce stil novo), associated with Beatrice and the Vita Nuova, to the rigorous, even severe, new style associated with philosophy. This period of study gave expression to a series of canzoni that were eventually to form the poetic basis for the philosophic commentary of the Convivio.
Lady Philosophy and Boethius (Consolation of Philosophy)
Lady Philosophy (Beatrice) and Dante
The Ouroboros
"The
poet-philosopher is thus caught up in a circular
process through which his understanding, like theirs, is drawn
toward the divine as manifested in the Lady's divinely inspired
radiance."
The Ouroboros or Uroborus is an ancient symbol depicting a serpent or dragon swallowing its own tail and forming a circle.
The Ouroboros often represents self-reflexivity or cyclicality, especially in the sense of something constantly re-creating itself, the eternal return, and other things perceived as cycles that begin anew as soon as they end. It also represents the idea of primordial unity related to something existing in or persisting from the beginning with such force or qualities it cannot be extinguished. The Ouroboros has been important in religio-mythological and philosophical symbolism, but has also been frequently used in alchemical illustrations, where it symbolizes the circular nature of the alchemist's opus. It is a symbol of the eternal unity of all things, the cycle of birth and death from which the alchemist sought release and liberation. It is also often associated with ancient Gnosticism and Hermeticism. Plato described a self-eating, circular being as the first living thing in the universe—an immortal, perfectly constructed animal. C. G. Jung saw the Ouroboros as he basic mandala of alchemy, and interpreted the Ouroboros as having an archetypal significance to the human psyche:
"The alchemists, who in their own way knew more about the nature of the individuation process than we moderns do, expressed this paradox through the symbol of the Ouroboros, the snake that eats its own tail. The Ouroboros has been said to have a meaning of infinity or wholeness. In the age-old image of the Ouroboros lies the thought of devouring oneself and turning oneself into a circulatory process, for it was clear to the more astute alchemists that the prima materia of the art was man himself. The Ouroboros is a dramatic symbol for the integration and assimilation of the opposite, i.e. of the shadow. This 'feed-back' process is at the same time a symbol of immortality, since it is said of the Ouroboros that he slays himself and brings himself to life, fertilizes himself and gives birth to himself. He symbolizes the One, who proceeds from the clash of opposites, and he therefore constitutes the secret of the prima materia which ... unquestionably stems from man's unconscious."
return to page #8, Troubadours & the Beloved
for more on Philosophy & Music, go to page #6, Musekal Philosophy